Why They Merged and Why the Merger Was Unsuccessful

In 1997 University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) blended its two open medical clinics with Stanford’s two private emergency clinics. The two separate substances combined to make a not-revenue driven association titled UCSF Stanford Health Care. The merger between the wellbeing frameworks at UCSF and Stanford appeared to be a smart thought because of the comparative missions, nearness of foundations, expanded money related weight with reductions in Medicare repayments followed by a sensational increment in oversaw care organizations.The first year UCSF Stanford Health Care delivered a benefit of $22 million, anyway three years after the fact the wellbeing framework had lost an aggregate of $176 million (â€Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ). The initial segment of this paper will address reasons why the two establishments chose to seek after the merger by glancing through the hypothetical focal point of limited sanity, prospect hypothesis and asset reliance hypothes is (RDT). The second 50% of the paper will reason reasons why the merger was ineffective by considering key ideas in authoritative conduct, for example, force and culture.The compromising and dubious financial occasions drove the pioneers to choose the choice that they accepted expanded their odds for endurance. The hypothesis of limited reasonability, proposed by Herbert A. Simon, proposes that individuals are to a great extent restricted by time, data and psychological limitations(Simon, 1997). The merger between the two clinical schools appeared to bode well, the two organizations shared a typical crucial treating the uninsured, preparing the up and coming age of inventive specialists, and stay at the cutting edge of breaking examination and technology.Since both would have been going after progressively rare assets, uniting seemed well and good. Together they would have the option to decrease spending on authoritative expenses, and more ready to arrange contacts with enormous pr otection companies(â€Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ). Simon recommends that individuals, limited by time, psychological capacity and data, are bound to settle on good choices instead of ideal ones(Simon, 1997).Instead of centering time and vitality laying out potential approaches to stay separate among the moving installment structure UCSF and Stanford, both restricted by time and frightful of the potential misfortunes, consented to blend. The merger was UCSF and Stanford’s approach to alleviate hazard and oversee vulnerability. Prospect hypothesis is a social financial hypothesis created by Daniel Kahneman that holds that individuals are bound to face higher challenges when choices are confined in negative terms(Kahneman and Tversky, 1979). In spite of the fact that mergers are perplexing and unsafe the approaching trepidation of diminished repayments made the pioneers center around the advantages of merging.Kahneman contends that individuals don't put together the ir choices with respect to ultimate results, rather they base their choices on the potential estimation of misfortunes and gains(Kahneman and Tversky, 1979). Rather than investigating the danger of the merger, administration concentrated on the additionally squeezing trouble, the primary concern. To remain alive in the time of oversaw care, college emergency clinics the nation over were looking for mergers with private medical clinics. Figurings indicated that medical clinics lost $4 million every year for every 1 percent drop in reimbursement quiet population(Etten, 1999).Since the 1990’s, repayment protection was on an extraordinary decrease in San Francisco opening the market for oversaw care organizations(Etten, 1999). RDT takes a gander at how the conduct of associations is influenced by their outer assets. The hypothesis, realized during the 1970s, addresses associations interest for assets, assets and force are straightforwardly linked(Pfeffer and Salancik, 2003). RDT holds that associations rely upon assets hence converging, because of expanding asset shortage, engaged both institutions(Pfeffer and Salancik, 2003).On paper, the merger between these two organizations appeared well and good †the two establishments were near each other and going after decreasing assets. Together they could lessen authoritative expenses and unite to haggle with enormous insurance agencies. The need to make another culture and break down truly existent force battles were two enormous undertakings that should have been tended to so as to guarantee a fruitful merger. Be that as it may, the manner by which the merger was composed didn't prompt a fruitful merger.UCSF Health Care didn't invest satisfactory energy making a common culture in which the two associations would see one joint association with shared force (assets). On paper the two associations consented to share power, anyway the two gatherings conduct demonstrated something else. Dr. Rizk Norman, co-seat of the consolidated doctor gathering of UCSF and Stanford workforce, validates that neither one of the institutions was ever agreeable enough to share monetary information(â€Å"UCSF, Stanford emergency clinics just too different,† n. d. ). UCSF didn't completely unveil their financial concerns in regards to one of their sinking clinics, while Stanford was likewise blameworthy of ithholding data (â€Å"UCSF, Stanford emergency clinics just too different,† n. d. ). Converging into one ought to dispose of the feeling of two separate elements, anyway insufficient was done to shape the merger so that office and staff felt like equivalent accomplices. Loyalties existed inside the association, starting at the top with the Board of Directors. Basically the board was part between seven Stanford board individuals and seven USCF board individuals and three non fanatic individuals, anyway loyalties to ones specific foundation never dissolved(â€Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ).As sketched out, RDT, holds that associations rely upon assets, which start from their condition. Assets are an associations power used to contend in their condition. The two wellbeing frameworks shared a domain, along these lines rivaled each other for power (assets) (â€Å"UCSF-Stanford Merger,† n. d. ). Since Stanford was a revenue driven association, they held increasingly monetary control over UCSF. Pfeffer and Salancik contend that the best approach to take care of issues of vulnerability and relationship is to build coordination, all the more explicitly, to increment shared control of each other’s activities(Pfeffer and Salancik, 2003).Had the two establishments worked from the earliest starting point to expand coordination and correspondence between the two foundations the merger may have more changes in succeeding. Expanded coordination between the two establishments could have lead to the making of a solid culture. Culture is the common conviction, desi res and qualities shared by individuals from an association. (â€Å"Leading by Leveraging Culture †Harvard Business Review,† n. d. ). Utilizing another culture begins from the top, the executives must model as per the new culture.This was not done at UCSF Stanford Health Care because of existing loyalties. Adding to the way of life battle, the organizations were far enough away from each other to justify concern. For an association to stream easily, clear correspondence channels should be set up. Without open correspondence and cooperation a mutual culture can't develop. Frail societies hurt the working environment by expanding wasteful aspects that lead to expanded expenses. UCSF Health Care model starting from the top to make a common culture.Had initiative invested sufficient energy tending to approaches to break down existing force battles, and making a mutual culture that would set the establishment to accomplish another common vision, the merger could have been eff ective. Drawing in pioneers in making a key intend to consolidate two separate existing societies would have urged them to show backing and break down force battles. Mutual assets, open correspondence and a culture of unity may have set the establishment for a fruitful merger between the two associations. References Etten, P. V. (1999). Camelot or presence of mind? The rationale behind the UCSF/Stanford merger.Health Affairs, 18(2), 143â€148. doi:10. 1377/hlthaff. 18. 2. 143 Kahneman, D. , and Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision under Risk. Econometrica, 47(2), 263. doi:10. 2307/1914185 Leading by Leveraging Culture †Harvard Business Review. (n. d. ). Recovered October 16, 2012, from http://hbr. organization/item/driving by-utilizing society/a/CMR260-PDF-ENG Pfeffer, J. , and Salancik, G. (2003). The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. Stanford University Press. Simon, H. A. (1997). Models of Bounded Rationality, Vol . 3: Emperically Grounded Economic Reason.The MIT Press. UCSF-Stanford Merger: A Promising Venture. (n. d. ). SFGate. Recovered October 16, 2012, from http://www. sfgate. com/conclusion/article/UCSF-Stanford-Merger-A-Promising-Venture-2975174. php#src=fb UCSF, Stanford emergency clinics just excessively unique. (n. d. ). Recovered October 16, 2012, from http://www. paloaltoonline. com/week after week/funeral home/news/1999_Nov_3. HOSP03. html â€â€â€â€â€â€â€â€ Fall 16 PM 827 A1 Strategic Management Of Healthcare Organizations UCSF Stanford Healthcare †Why They Merged and Why The Merger Was Unsuccessful Sofia Gabriela Walton Mini Exam #1 08

Qualitative Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Subjective Report - Essay Example amatic in content that amazingly captivated media to such an extent that job of media in celebrities’ lives turned into a profoundly petulant issue with the security of the people just as with the moral legitimacies of media. The ongoing lawful division of the illustrious couple had given an entirely different contort to the until now fantasy sentiment of the world’s most eminent couples. The meeting accordingly, was a significant occasion that had incited a blended reaction for various individuals and had held a particular hugeness for the Princess and British Monarchy on the loose. Along these lines, examination of the meeting is an approach to comprehend the complexities of the lives of the superstars and attempt to decipher their activities in the more extensive consequences of the open private interests. The meeting is given when the Princess was experiencing tempestuous period in her private life and she expected to explain her remain on various issues with the goal that she could get some space to sift through her open private life. The report would encourage the overall population and media to comprehend the Princess Diana as another individual, having sentiments and sensitivities as anyone else. The report would likewise assist with breaking down the impulses of the open obligations and picture of the superstars and the weight that puts on their private lives. Meeting of Princess Diana by Martin Bashir on BBC1 Panorama on 20 November, 1995, has colossal pertinence for social event valuable information in regards to the life and style of the famous people who have huge effect on the general feeling. The meeting is additionally a significant method to check the degree of association of the individual and the effect of the conditional occasions on the individual. Princess Diana had been one of the most productive characters of the world whose individual mystique had gone past the area of social imperatives of her illustrious status and made a remarkable specialty among the majority. The investigation of the meeting is principally centered around the open private

Reflective Account and Mind Map - Free Essay Example

Reflective Account and Mind map Description In order to analyse the business environment on global level, it is imperative to understand the dynamics which are either supporting or hindering the organisations which are functioning. As the global context is getting competitive, the enterprises have to focus on three key dimensions i.e. sustainability, happiness and technology (Goodwin, 2013). Each of these elements have been studied in-depth during the year so that there is sufficient evidence about their contribution in the corporate world. During the entire period, the main area of focus was on the protection of environment (Biggemann, Williams Kro, 2014). Due to rapid changes takes place globally such as developments in IT world, technology becoming an integral part of routine life, shift towards efficient production procedures so that economies of scale is achieved, changes in climatic conditions and others, it has become imperative for the firms to analyse their impact on their operations (Albinsson Arnesson, 2012; Varey, 2013). Hence, three major activities were performed in the form of groups so that a first-hand experience can be gained. Anyone who wants to assess the implication of theories has to undertake a practical endeavour as it is close to reality and it allows an individual to acquire worthwhile examples from such exercise (Harrison, 2010; Mullins, 2013). The first task was to develop three things for an environmental pressure group FirstHand i.e. press briefing, infograph and poster campaign. With the help of this project, everyone within the team got an insight about the efforts which have to be undertaken on collective basis so that the desired targets are effectively attained. Later, as part of the Happiness theme, the group had to carry out a study to analyse the implication of this aspect in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s contemporary business world. This activity allowed the team members to apprehend the factors which influence this feeling and it is important to perform app ropriate activities for creating a contented and supportive learning environment (Lau et al., 2014). Finally, the effect of technology was studied with special reference to the society. It is referred to as the gift of fire as it has both positive and negative implications in the community. For the evaluation of this theme, an assignment in the form of biometric podcast development and implementation was given. Hence, all three assessments shed light on various aspects of the theme which were studied in the lectures and workshops. These activities provided an opportunity to learn the art of working in teams and be ascertained that theories learnt during the studies are practically applied for assessing their applicability. Both experiences and reflections are the crucial factors of these practises as these features allowed us to unleash various facets of teamwork (Schoemaker, Krupp Howland, 2012). In the teams, excellent communication, effective leadership, conflict resolutio n, time management and cohesion are important parameters (Karalis, 2010). Thus, these attempts benefited me a lot as I identified my strengths along with areas for improvement so that I can capitalise on my potencies and flourish as a competent person. Analysis / Interpretation During the complete year, there were many instances which enhanced my learning capabilities. From this course, I realised that the business world is composed of elements which have to be addressed for adding value to the society. Almost all the leading organisations have incorporated the sustainable development concept within their operations so that they can be assured that their processes are in alignment with the requirements of the present era (Savageau, 2013). When I was involved in the sustainability workshop, I gathered useful information about its implication and role it plays in enhancement of the environment. Moreover, these sustainable initiatives provide a direction to the companies to get engaged in activities which will make appreciated contribution in the society such as eliminating carbon dioxide measures, controlling the waste disposal procedures, promoting carbon footprints, organising charitable events and etc. (Zizek Mulej, 2013). Furthermore, our group deci ded to assign me the role of team leader as they found me to possess leadership, communication and management skills. When working in teams, it is imperative to make decisions on consensus basis (Marshall, 2012) so that conflicts are avoided and members work in cohesive manner (van Emmirek et al., 2011). Despite all the efforts of performing the tasks with friendly and organised approach, problems were encountered in coordinating the assigned responsibilities as some members were unwilling to fulfil their commitments. As a leader, I had to converse with them so that I could understand their viewpoint and be ascertained that all concerns are handled. One of the members even discontinued from the team as he wanted to join other group. In order to cope with this situation, I realigned the duties and made sure that everyone was satisfied. We were given four weeks to complete the task and everything was progressing smoothly as our press briefing and infograph were ready beforehand. However, there were some issues with the poster campaign as every member wanted to implement his/her idea. After two hours of discussion, a final concept was selected and the poster was given for designing phase. On the printing day, the printer was not working and we had only two hours left for submitting the document. With too much stress, our project was completed. It made me realise that everyone has to work co-operatively and be prepared to work in calm way even in under stressful situation (Savelsbergh, 2012). Likewise, when I was involved in the project of second theme, I asked to act as a group member. Initially, everyone was reluctant because they were expecting that I will carry on the leadership role. For this assessment, I wanted to testify my team working skills so that I can unleash my competencies and avail this opportunity for taking responsibility for another function. After initial meeting, it was decided that I will be given the final project proofreading and editing task along with compilation of information extracted from studies required for the paper. At that point, I noticed that my leader had taken me for granted and has assigned me complex tasks. Besides, this might have happened because of my own weakness of saying à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"yesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ to everybody. For me, it was a learning aspect that there should be a line drawn between the act of being too lenient and stringent. Hence, everyone has the prestige of making certain firm decisions (Yukl, 2012) and I took this event as an area of refinement for future endeavours. Finally, in the third project regarding the technology, I decided to limit my responsibility only to the development of biometric testing podcast. Since I have interest in learning about technological gadgets so this incident provided me a chance of enhancing my knowledge about biometric testing. One issue which was faced during the event was that other member wanted to perform this task. I decided t o step backward and agreed to undertake the data compilation responsibility. This significantly made me realise that one has to keep good control on anger when working in teams so that stress can be mitigated to a great extent. Thus, it is mandatory for everyone to comprehend the dynamics of working in teams (Savageau, 2013) and also the factors which are impacting the businesses in global context (Mullins, 2013). During the activities, it was revealed that the sustainability paradigm is impacted by politics, law, government and other influencers. Furthermore, it is imperative for the firms to abide by the legalities of creating sustainable business environment so that they can add value within the corporate world. Equally important for the students is to understand the role of happiness in businesses in global context so that the organisations can respond proactively to the external and internal factors impacting their operations (Savelsbergh, 2012). Also, the technologies ha ve to be utilised in such a way that they encourage the companies to perform their work with excellence and enhance value in the community. Hence, it is mandatory for me to develop my competencies for outshining in the professional world. Outcomes This course proved to be a productive and valuable endeavour for me as I realised that there is an array of business dynamics which are hidden in the organisational framework and they need to be addressed so that an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s capabilities can be enhanced (Schoemaker, Krupp Howland, 2012). With the help of reflection exercise, I learnt that I can become an effective and apt leader. Initially, I was unaware about this aspect of my personality. Moreover, I have noticed that I have significantly improved my communication and leadership skills. Furthermore, my writing ability has been polished which has made me confident about preparing the reports in proficient manner. Additionally, I have realised that I need to understand the situations in which I have to speak out to clarify my viewpoint. Even there is immense requirement of embedding time management skills as I lack expertise in this area which was evident from the completion of first project just on time. H ence, I have decided that I will get enrolled in courses which will provide me opportunities for developing my time management and team working capabilities so that I can give appropriate direction to my organisation. References Albinsson, G. and Arnesson, K., 2012. Team learning activities: Reciprocal learning through the development of a mediating tool for sustainable learning. The Learning Organization, 19(6), pp. 456-468. Biggemann, S., Williams, M. and Kro, G., 2014. Building in sustainability, social responsibility and value co-creation. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 29(4), pp. 304-312. Goodwin, D., 2013. Linking political and managerial leadership à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" a personal reflection. International Journal of Leadership in Public Service, 9(1/2), pp. 59-64. Harrison, A., 2010. Business environment in a global context. 1st ed. London: Oxford University Press. Karalis, T., 2010. Situated and transformative learning: exploring the potential of critical reflection to enhance organisational knowledge. Development and learning in organisations, 24(1), pp. 17-20. Lau, P., Kwong, T., Chong, K. and Wong, E., 2014. Developing studentsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ teamwork skills in a c ooperative learning project. International Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 3(1), pp. 80-99. Marshall, J., 2011. Images of changing practice through reflective action research. Journal of Organisational Change Management, 24(2), pp. 244-256. Mullins, L.J., 2013. Management and Organisational Behaviour. 10th ed. USA: FT Publishing International. Savageau, A.E., 2013. Letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s get personal: making sustainability tangible to students. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 14(1), pp. 15-24. Savelsbergh, C., 2012. Team role stress: relationships with team learning and performance in project teams. Development and Learning in Organizations, 26(4), pp. 67-101. Schoemaker, P.J.H., Krupp, S. and Howland, S., 2013. Strategic Leadership: The essential skills. Harvard Business Review, January-February 2013, pp. 131-134. Van Emmerik, H., Jawahar, I.M., Schreurs, B. and de Cuyper, N., 2011. Social capital, team efficacy and team poten cy: The mediating role of team learning behaviours. Career Development International, 16(1), pp. 82-99. Varey, W., 2013. Reflexive thought-ecologies: a reflection on practice. Kybernetes, 42(9/10), pp. 1470-1478. Yukl, G.A., 2012. Leadership in organisations. 8th ed. USA: Prentice Hall. Zizek, S.S. and Mulej, M., 2013. Social responsibility: a way of requisite holism of humans and their well-being. Kkybernetes, 42(2), pp. 318-335. Appendix I à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Mind map of Theme 1 Appendix II à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Mind map of Theme 2 Appendix III à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Mind map of Theme 3 1

10 Basic Chemistry Facts You Should Know

There are certain facts that every chemistry buff should know. How many of these fun and interesting facts do you already have stored in your brain? Test Your Knowledge Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and the interactions between them. It is a physical science that is closely related to physics, which often shares the same definition.Chemistry traces its roots back to the ancient study of alchemy. Chemistry and alchemy are separate now, though alchemy still is practiced today.All matter is made up of the chemical elements, which are distinguished from each other by the numbers of protons they possess.The chemical elements are organized in order of increasing atomic number into the periodic table. The first element in the periodic table is hydrogen.Each element in the periodic table has a one or two-letter symbol. The only letter in the English alphabet not used on the periodic table is J. The letter Q only appeared in the symbol for the placeholder name for element 114, ununquadium, which had the symbol Uuq. When element 114 was officially discovered, it was given the new name Flerovium  At room temperature, there are only two liquid e lements. These are bromine and mercury.The IUPAC name for water, H2O, is dihydrogen monoxide.Most elements are metals and most metals are silver-colored or gray. The only non-silver metals are gold and copper.The discoverer of an element may give it a name. There are elements named for people (Mendelevium, Einsteinium), places (Californium, Americium) and other things.Although you may consider gold to be rare, there is enough gold in the Earths crust to cover the land surface of the planet knee-deep.

Human Resources Case Study - 821 Words

Availability of human resources with the required background and skill sets HUMINT as a collection discipline differs from its more technical counterparts in many ways as the previous chapters have proven, and while the changing nature of targets has highlighted the need for case officers from more diverse ethnic backgrounds and language skills it was focused on the clandestine HUMINT collection as a process and as such did not delve into the modern requirements of a case officer conducting clandestine HUMINT collection. Therefore, this chapter will analyze three factors that are paramount to developing highly skilled clandestine HUMINT case officers that can operate successfully in the modern security environment, these three factors†¦show more content†¦The Patriot Act proposed the creation of National Virtual Translation Centre that would essentially serve the entire United States intelligence community by combining the service of Translators with state of the art commutations technologies. The WMD commission disagreed for they were skeptical of being able to hire enough linguists for analytical purposes at such a large scale and instead proposed the rapid development of foreign language processing tools that would be able to work even in the absence of trained linguists. Although, it must be noted that no amount technology and advanced training tools can suffice in operational circumstances that are for the most part extremely unpredictable and as such the lack of case officers with linguistic skills compatible with the modern security environment remains a significant problem and it must be noted that Arabic remains an extremely difficult language to learn in a short time period due to its linguistic remoteness to English. This issue is further reinforced by the changing nature of case officers work that is effectively caused by the changing nature of targets. The ‘new’ threat environment raises the need for non-official cover and as such case officers will be required to interact with possibilities sources of a non-diplomatic nature whose English proficiency may be rather limited. 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Management of Technological Innovation Competitors †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Management of Technological Innovation Competitors. Answer: Introduction Nike is a multinational corporation in America and is typically incorporated in the manufacture, design, development and the marketing of the accessories, equipments, apparel and footwear (Nesta, Vona and Nicolli 2014). The paper clearly outlines the internal research and development within the organization. It also brings out the concept of customers as a source of innovation, in addition to the suppliers, competitors and complementors. Finally, the paper brings to light the radical and incremental innovation. The source of innovation also lies within the internal research and development. The internal research comprises of the basic as well as the applied research. The research conducted on the agility of the basketball players. They found that agility requires physical strength and mental quickness (Baker, Grinstein and Harmancioglu 2016). They found that the footwear aligns the athletes body in such a position that the athlete can apply force on the ground so as to change direction. Thus, the footwear was incorporated with wedges as it posses the potential to reduce the ankle inversion angle so as to move the ankle into neutral alignment (Jin and Cedrola 2017). Thus, the current technology led to the innovation of banked footwear as the current technology. This footwear facilitates cutting in only one direction. The company combines the demands and views of the customers also incorporating the feedbacks of the athletes, thus leading to the innovation of new products (Leavy 2017). The organization heeds to the demands and requirements of the consumers that is the athletes and device new innovative products so as to meet their needs. The Nike Hyperadapt was innovated on customer demand as it provides ultimate solution to individual idiosyncrasies. Researchers often state the users of the product often function as innovator as they can create the prototypes and also customize their own product. Suppliers, Competitors and Complementors as source of innovations The researchers states that the suppliers act as the roots to the innovation. Moreover, for the production of high quality products suppliers are extremely essential (Aghion et al., 2014). For example the Nike Air Vapormax as it provides the cushioning effect. Furthermore the enhanced collaboration of the organization with the suppliers helps maintain the innovation process. The competitors act as source of innovation as the competitive companies tends to provide the best quality products (Bouncken, Pesch and Ratzmann 2016). For example Nike Zoom Superfly Flyknit. The competitive companies provide the scope for learning new strategies and techniques so as to facilitate the development of the new products such as Nike Air Zoom KD9 (Mantovani and Ruiz-Aliseda 2015). It also enhances the capacity to learn and innovate. The complementors also act as a source to innovation as they sell the similar products thus; certain innovation is required for high sales which ultimately lead to innova tion. The consultant of Nike aims at providing the best possible solution so as to facilitate the efficient and effective delivery of the product such as Nike Mercurial Superfly. Moreover, they also tend to maintain the effective relationship with the leading Information Technology (IT) vendors so as to utilize IT as a significant tool for the business to thrive (Bianchi et al., 2016). The organization thus, is trying to incorporate IT in field of footwares and apparels so as to deliver the product on time and with high quality (Knik, Medoff and Mukherjee 2015). The technological innovations are essential for the organization so as to sustain the growth of the productivity and competitive advantage. In other words the technological innovations create product related threats in the market giving rose to technological spillover such as the Nike Lunarepic Flyknit. Moreover, it also gives rise to market share reallocation (Truong, Jongwanich and Ramstetter 2015). Furthermore, it also provides competitive advantage and there by paves a way for the innovation of new products. The Nike Company implements the technique of incremental change as, it involves techniques to improve and upgrade the existing product rather than making radical changes. It is basically focused on upgrading the existing products such as the banked shoes to increase the agility support to the athletes, thus increasing the efficiency; competitive differentiation and productivity of the product such as the anti clog traction that would prevent the mud from sticking in the sole through adaptive polymer. Conclusion Thus, with the above discussion it can be concluded that there are various techniques implemented by the Nike Company to lead to innovation. It considers research and development as a source of innovation. Moreover, the company considers the customers as a major source of innovation as they are interlinked. There are other factors as well on which the innovation of the firm depends such as competition and complementors. However, the company implements incremental changes for further development and innovation of new products. Reference Aghion, P., Bechtold, S., Cassar, L. and Herz, H., 2014.The causal effects of competition on innovation: Experimental evidence(No. w19987). National Bureau of Economic Research. Baker, W.E., Grinstein, A. and Harmancioglu, N., 2016. Whose innovation performance benefits more from external networks: entrepreneurial or conservative firms?.Journal of Product Innovation Management,33(1), pp.104-120. Bianchi, M., Croce, A., Dell'Era, C., Di Benedetto, C.A. and Frattini, F., 2016. Organizing for inbound open innovation: how external consultants and a dedicated RD unit influence product innovation performance.Journal of Product Innovation Management,33(4), pp.492-510. Bouncken, R.B., Pesch, R. and Ratzmann, M., 2016, January. Squeeze the Lemon? Suppliers Innovation Under the Rule of Buyer Firms. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2016, No. 1, p. 14209). Academy of Management. Jin, B. and Cedrola, E. eds., 2017.Product Innovation in the Global Fashion Industry. Springer. Knik, T., Medoff, Y. and Mukherjee, R., 2015, July. Interactive search with contextual navigation recommendations. InProceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Constraints and Preferences for Configuration and Recommendation and Intelligent Techniques for Web Personalization-Volume 1440(pp. 8-11). CEUR-WS. org. Leavy, B., 2017. Customer-centered innovation: improving the odds for success.Strategy Leadership,45(2), pp.3-11. Mantovani, A. and Ruiz-Aliseda, F., 2015. Equilibrium innovation ecosystems: the dark side of collaborating with complementors.Management Science,62(2), pp.534-549. Nesta, L., Vona, F. and Nicolli, F., 2014. Environmental policies, competition and innovation in renewable energy.Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,67(3), pp.396-411. Truong, T.N.T., Jongwanich, J. and Ramstetter, E.D., 2015. Productivity spillovers from foreign multinationals and trade protection: firm?level analysis of Vietnamese manufacturing.Asian?Pacific Economic Literature,29(2), pp.30-46.

The Four Cardinal Virtues of the Lakota Essay Example

The Four Cardinal Virtues of the Lakota Paper What were the four cardinal virtues of the Alaska that Sitting Bull embodied? Why do you think that one fellow tribesman remarked that there was something in Sitting Bull that everyone liked? Describe how this great Sioux leader also represented the three distinct personalities that the jota valued. The the four cardinal virtues of the Alaska that Sitting Bull possessed was bravery, fortitude, generosity, and wisdom. These four virtues are characteristics that most leaders we see today have and past leaders held. Tintinnabulation or Sitting Bull demonstrated these virtues at a very young GE and they were precursors to becoming the chief of the Hunt kappa Alaska Sioux tribe. At the age of fourteen, Sitting Bull had not proven his courage but he was known as Slow for his deliberate and willful ways. But after a war party to find horses and scalps of the enemy tribe, the Crow tribe, Slow became a village hero by striking a fleeing Crow member with a tomahawk and showing his bravery at such a young age. Slow, mounted on a sturdy gray horse his father had given him, his naked body painted yellow from head to foot and hung with colorful strands of beads, shrieked a war cry and eloped in pursuit. The powerful gray swiftly overtook the quarry. Pulling abreast, Slow smashed his adversary with a tomahawk and knocked him from his mount. (Page: 5) At the age of fourteen now, teenagers biggest challenge is just starting high school while Sitting Bull started his list of many military victory. Slow then b ecame Sitting Bull and received his feathered lanced from his mother and a shield with the symbol that he saw in a dream from his father. We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Cardinal Virtues of the Lakota specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Cardinal Virtues of the Lakota specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Cardinal Virtues of the Lakota specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The name Sitting Bull was not only a name passed down from his father but also was a name that would still live to this day because of Sitting Bulls leadership and resistance to the whites. As Sitting Bull grew older, he showed the four cardinal virtues of bravery, fortitude, generosity, and wisdom countless times. Sitting Bull also showed his suitability for being a leader by the appreciation the tribe members had for Sitting Bull. There was something in Sitting Bull that everybody liked, children liked him because he was kind, the women because he was kind to the family and liked to settle family troubles. Men liked him because he was brave. Medicine men liked him because they knew he was a man they could consider a leader. (Page: 5-6) This is very crucial to Sitting Bull success because a person who is extremely well-liked can be trusted and the Sioux people trusted him in battle. Sitting Bull was a person that everyone liked because he had confidence in himself and showed it through his bravery. Also, Sitting Bull proved to his villagers and people that they could be comfortable under his leadership. By helping with family problems, Sitting Bull showed effective ways to resolve problems. By being kind to children, Sitting Bull proved that he would protect the children as if they were his own. And by displaying he was a great leader to he medicine men who were highly respected, Sitting Bull showed that he was an appropriate leader of the Alaska. Along with Sitting Bull character development, he always formed three distinct personalities. First, Sitting Bull developed into an exceptional warrior and huntsman. Sitting Bull has numerous examples of his excellent combat and seeking, it is shown with his number of honors by high ranked village members. He was also, boastful for his deeds but a person of his caliber can justify bragging. Sitting Bulls second personality a holy man. Another personality was the holy man suffused with evergreen and mysticism, communing constantly with Weakening, the Great Mysterious, dreaming sacred dreams and carrying out rites and ceremonies the mandated, entreating for the welfare of his people, offering sacrifices ranging from a buffalo carcass to his own flesh. (Page: 6) Being a holy man, people would believe Sitting Bull would lead in the way of their gods. Lastly, Sitting Bulls last distinct personality and the one I think is the most important, Was that he was a good tribesman. Any successful leader have morals and fight for the people he represents. Sitting Bull is described as A man of undines, generosity ¶y, and humility, instantaneous in dress and bearing, composer and singer of songs, a friend of children and old people, peacemaker, sportsman, gentle humorist, wise counselor, and leader. (Page: 6) All of these personalities are integral to Sitting Bulls rise to leadership and eventually to his tragic death. How did Red Cloud and Sitting Bull differ in their reaction to the Fort Laramie Treaty? Which one of them do you think was right and why? Which of the two great Sioux leaders did Crazy Horse support? Red Cloud and Sitting Bull were both two great leaders but had two entirely efferent views about the advancement of the white men on their land. Red Cloud passively gave into the Fort Laramie Treaty that gave Indians the Powder River country and called it Uncured Indian country. But Sitting Bull headstrong never signed the treaty because he wanted no affiliation with whites except the ones who traded guns, goods, and ammunition. But both paths ended badly at the end. Red Cloud represented the people who decided to live in the reservation and accept the government. Sitting Bull was the chief of the Lasts who resisted the government and tried to bring back old life. Sitting Bulls group became known as hostiles to the white people. But Sitting Bull decided to be defensive in protecting his land against the whites. This strategy was shown against the Northern Pacific Railroad. In these troubles against the Alaska and Cheyenne, Sitting Bull showed his fearlessness once more and most memorably. Fighting against Northern Pacific Railroad engineers and cavalry guardians, Sitting Bull walked nonchalantly walked in front of crossing fire and had a smoke party with other terrified Indians. But resisting the creation of the railroad did not work and only gave the government more reason to attack the tribes. The serration and non-reservation Indians had a period of no deliberate assaults but both groups would face an awful punishment. Because the Great Sioux Reservation was located in the Black Hills, it was a desired area because of the mines. Sitting Bull refused to give up the land and it only gave the government one choice, force. So eventually, the land was overtaken. Because of the same end result from Red Clod and Sitting Bull, their decision were almost the same. But Sitting Bull only tried to delay the inevitable by resisting the railroads and white men. By being passive, Red Cloud saved his people from some trouble that burdened them. Sitting Bulls aggressive manner did not help the Sioux in the end because the army could over power the Indians no matter what. It was Sitting Bulls pride of his tribe and people led him to such a high position and ultimately led to his tragic downfall. Maybe if he passively gave into to the government, the government might have gave Indians a little more land or killed less people. Red Cloud made the better decision because he realized his defeat and not live in denial until his death like Sitting Bull. Crazy Horse supported Sitting Bull decision because he urged the Sioux and Cheyenne to attack the Northern Pacific Railroad workers. What hard dilemma did President Grant face after the discovery of gold in the Black Hills? Why did this conflict between miners and Indians result in the Great Sioux War of 1976? What role did Sitting Bull play in the Battle of Little Big Horn? President Grant was faced with a tough challenge when gold was discovered in the mines that the Indians resided in. The Treaty of 1868 rightfully gave the Indians that land without question. But miners still chose to mine the hills and protested for the government to allow an invasion of the reservation Indians. At the time, Sitting Bull and his non-reservation men decided to no longer old an offensive fort but chose to only attack in defense if the white man tried to take land of the Indians. And because of the daunting intimidation Sitting Bull had over the reservation chiefs, they refused to sell the land. The government decided the way to buy the land was stop the resistance of the non-reservation Indians. The government justified its attack on the independent bands by claiming they lived on unscreened land because they did not sign the Treaty of 1868. This was enough for the military to strike the hostiles. This excuse became the foundation of the Great Sioux War. Sitting Bull and his fellow chiefs were unaware of the incoming war and did not want to fight the white military. But the American soldiers ended up invading the Sioux people. Then, on March 17, 1876, cavalry stormed through a village on Powder River, killing two and wounding several others; now the hunting bands knew the Long Knives had declared war. (Page: 1 2) Sitting Bull had a much different role in the Great Sioux War then his past battles and conflicts. Sitting Bull was now 45 and his position was the old man chief and as a holy man. He was still highly respected because everyone till knew of his rich past. Sitting Bulls judgment and counsel guided the policies and decisions of all tribes. Sitting Bull grouped warriors for battle but he would not fight next to them showing his courageousness. Sitting Bull drew the winter camps together for self-defense. As spring gave away to summer, reservation Indians began to make their way westward, to join In defense. By late June his village had swollen 3,000 to 7,000 people, from 800 to 1 ,800 warriors. (Page: 12) But Sitting Bull helped his fellow Indians by giving 100 pieces of his flesh from his arms to give the Sioux victory. He also eased and danced while looking at the sun. Under the sun, Sitting Bull saw the soldiers and horses bearing down on an Indian village, probably wishing to have one more opportunity to battle with his fellow Indians. One voice declared These soldiers do not possess ears. They are to die (Page: 1 2) On June 17, 1876, Sitting Bulls fighters were confronted by three armies led by three different generals. Sitting Bulls warriors opposed General Crooks soldiers and almost overran them but the Crow tribe interference saved the military. Even though the result was relatively good, it was not what Sitting Bull had prophesied. Sitting Bull had the prophecy that Crooks soldiers would fall into the Sioux camp and die but this would happen soon enough. Only a week later, Long Hair Custer, another general, and his army fell into the Sioux camp. This is what Sitting Bull had envisioned in his sun-dance, seeing many soldiers die. The civilized people of America were shocked by the loss at battle and labeled Sitting Bull, the Napoleon of the Sioux (Page: 12) Also, self-acclaimed experts falsely explained how exactly Sitting Bull became so powerful in battle in many different ways. One of them declared hat the framed Jesuit missionary Father Pierre Jean De Seem had taught Sitting Bull to speak and read French; the chief had then studied French histories of the Napoleonic Wars and modeled his generalship after the little Corsican corporal. The Sioux did not win at Killdeer Mountain because of better strategy which the whites wanted to hear, but because they tripled Cussed cavalry and they had more confidence and anger. Sitting Bulls real significance in the battle was as a council man and being an inspiration to his warriors. What is the significance of the Ghost Dance religion and Sitting Bulls tragic death? How do you feel abo ut Tuttle conclusion that Sitting Bull lost, not because of any personal or cultural failings, but because of forces beyond his control? The Ghost Dance was more than just a Religion to the Sioux people. Its origin came in 1 asss when everything was taken from the Sioux, from food to more land. The ghost danced symbolized a new world that was without the whites who took everything from the Sioux and with the beloved buffalo. The whites assumed it was a form of non-violent resistance that could lead to violent resistance. So the military did its best to stop the ghost dance. It was not rover if Sitting Bull truly believed in the Ghost dance but he was positioned as the high priest at the Standing Rock region. But the government chose to move Sitting Bull to a distant military post. Sitting Bull was facing an unavoidable death at this time. Indian policemen stormed Sitting Bulls cabin and arrested him, all while his son watched. The on looking Ghost dancers became energize and crowded his cabin and taunted Sitting Bulls son. This led to gunfire and resistance and both Sitting Bull and Crow Foot died. The irony behind this is that the Ghost Dancers wanted things to go back to their old ways but they could not do it without Sitting Bull, the integral leader of the Sioux. I believe in Outlets conclusion of Sitting Bulls fall because Sitting Bull led flawlessly and stood his ground even when there was no light. Sitting Bull wanted his people to own their own land and he would fight for it. In this struggle, as both lance and shield, his inflexibility served him well. (Page: 14) . But the advancement of technology that the white people, could wipe out any tribe every time. Sitting Bull could not have led his tribe any better but sometimes civilizations are meant to collapse.